FDTD sources for localized state excitation in photonic crystals and photonic quasi-crystals

Numerical methods, such as the finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique, are commonly used to study transmission properties, waveguide modes, and localized states of photonic crystals and photonic quasi-crystals. The degree to which a localized state is excited is dependent on the source's topology. Researchers have proposed a number of different source configurations in order to efficiently excite localized states; dipole sources, random sources, and initial field distributions. The efficient excitation of different localized states in a photonic crystal and quasi-crystal through a general source configuration remains an issue to be addressed. This work re-examines the techniques currently used and determines the most efficient method to excite the modes of a photonic crystal and quasi-crystal without prior knowledge of the localized state profiles.

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